NAEP Mathematics Content Strand 1

Image of a bullet. Subtopic can be assessed at this grade level.
Image of a triangle. Subtopic should not be assessed at this grade level.
Image of a pound sign. Subtopic may be introduced at a simple level
(such as using a manipulative or pictorial model).

Grade
Number Sense, Properties, and Operations  4   8   12 
1. Relate counting, grouping, and place value
a. Use place value to model and describe whole numbers and
    decimals		 Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
b. Use scientific notation in meaningful contexts Image of a triangle. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
2. Represent numbers and operations in a variety of equivalent forms using models, diagrams, and symbols
a. Model numbers using set models such as counters Image of a bullet. Image of a triangle. Image of a triangle.
b. Model numbers using number lines Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a triangle.
c. Use two- and three-dimensional region models to describe
    numbers		 Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
d. Use other models appropriate to a given situation (for example,
    draw diagrams to represent a number or an operation; write a
    number sentence to fit a situation or describe a situation to fit a
    number sentence; interpret calculator or computer displays)		 Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
e. Read, write, rename, order, and compare numbers Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
3. Compute with numbers (that is, add, subtract, multiply, divide)
a. Apply basic properties of operations Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
b. Describe effect of operations on size and order of numbers Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
c. Describe features of algorithms (such as regrouping with or
    without manipulatives, partial products)		 Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
d. Select appropriate computation method (such as pencil and
    paper, calculator, mental arithmetic)		 Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
4. Use computation and estimation in applications
a. Round whole numbers, decimals, and fractions in meaningful
    contexts		 Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
b. Make estimates appropriate to a given situation
    i. Know when to estimate Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
    ii. Select appropriate type of estimate (overestimate, underestimate,
       range of estimate)		 Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
    iii. Describe order of magnitude (estimation related to place value,
       scientific notation)		 Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
c. Select appropriate method of estimation (such as front end,
    rounding)		 Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
d. Solve application problems involving answers or estimates as
    appropriate		 Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
e. Interpret round-off errors using calculators/computers (that is,
    truncating)		 Image of a triangle. Image of a pound sign. Image of a bullet.
f. Verify solutions and determine the reasonableness of results
    i. In real-world situations Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
    ii. In abstract settings Image of a triangle. Image of a triangle. Image of a bullet.
5. Apply ratios and proportional thinking in a variety of situations
a. Use ratios to describe situations Image of a pound sign. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
b. Use proportions to model problems Image of a triangle. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
c. Use proportional thinking to solve problems (including rates,
    scaling, and similarity)		 Image of a triangle. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
d. Understand the meaning of percentage (including percentages
    greater than 100 and less than 1)		 Image of a pound sign. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
e. Solve problems involving percentages Image of a triangle. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
6. Use elementary number theory
a. Describe odd and even numbers and their characteristics Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
b. Describe number patterns Image of a pound sign. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
c. Use factors and multiples to model and solve problems Image of a triangle. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
d. Describe prime numbers Image of a triangle. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.
e. Use divisibility and remainders in problem settings (including
    simple modular arithmetic)		 Image of a triangle. Image of a bullet. Image of a bullet.

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Mathematics Framework for the 2003 National Assessment of Educational Progress